Abstract: Radial bogies have become one of the three main types of freight car bogies in china due to their advantages of low power, low wear, and low energy consumption. This article introduces the classification of railway freight car bogies in China, as well as the principles, functions, and technical characteristics of radial bogies. It elaborates on the development history, structural features, and application of radial bogies for railway freight cars in China, and analyzes the development trend of radial bogie technology in combination with the development needs of railway transportation in China. It provides reference for the research path and technical upgrading direction of radial bogies of railway freight cars in the future.