Abstract: This paper conducts a theoretical calculation and analysis of the stress patterns in the 1300HP drilling pump housing. It concludes that the forces acting on the housing result in three most severe loading conditions within each operating cycle, meaning the housing experiences the greatest potential damage under these conditions. Subsequently, a finite element analysis model of the pump housing was established. This model was loaded based on the peak values obtained from the theoretical calculations. Through simulation, the strength values and modal characteristics of the pump housing were determined. Finally, the calculated strength values were compared with the material’s allowable stress, while the modal values were compared with the crankshaft’s excitation frequency. These comparisons verified that the design of this drilling pump housing is reasonable, safe, and reliable. The analysis results provide a reliable foundation for subsequent improvements or new designs.