某自卸车悬架系统参数多目标优化设计

Multi-Objective Optimization of Dump Truck Suspension

  • 摘要: 以某自卸车为研究对象,由于车架纵梁长度较长,柔性大;需考虑对整车行驶平顺性的影响。故本文利用有限元方法及虚拟样机技术建立整车刚柔耦合动力学模型。对比试验,验证了仿真模型的合理性和有效性。为了提高行驶平顺性和减小路面破坏,在保证良好操纵稳定性的基础上,以座椅总加权加速度、脚部地板垂直加权加速度和前后轮动载系数作为目标函数,通过正交实验进行参数分析并设计响应面近似模型,然后进行多目标优化并进行仿真对比分析。结果表明,运用该方法在较好地减小对路面破坏程度的同时提高了乘坐舒适性,在自卸车悬架设计安装方面具有较强的工程实用性。

     

    Abstract: It takes a dump truck as study object. The length of the frame is very long, the elastic deformation of its frame has a significant impact on vehicle ride comfort, vehicle rigid-flexible coupling model with flexible frame are built with FEA method and virtual prototype technology. Compared with the test, the accuracy of the simulation model is verified. In order to improve vehicle ride comfort and reduce dynamic load, choosing the root-mean-square values of total acceleration of the seat, vertical acceleration of the floor and front and rear tire load as objective functions. Design parameters are analyzed by orthogonal experiment design and the second response surface model is built with secondary general rotation design. Then, An Improved Nondominate Sorting Genetic Algorithml (NSGA-II) is applied to solve the multi-objective optimization problem and the simulation verification is carried out in order to verify the rationality of optimization result. The results show that: the method better meet reduce dynamic load and improve ride comfort, which has a strong engineering practicability in the design and installation of hydro-pneumatic suspension.

     

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