Abstract: The paper analyzes the causes of bolt loosening, synthesizing various research findings to conclude that the primary reason for bolt loosening is lateral vibration loads. It also highlights that different specifications of bolts have varying critical loads and critical displacements. Based on this and anti-loosening principles, the paper proposes a structural anti-loosening design concept. Through a comparative analysis of the design principles, structural forms, processes, and anti-loosening effects of four new types of anti-loosening bolts, it is concluded that the wedge structure plays a critical role in the development of new anti-loosening bolts. The paper proposes two new designs for anti-loosening bolts, and analyzes its structure and anti-loosening principle in order to provide reference for further improvement of wedge structure design.