Abstract: As the pivotal components of the olive oil harvesting machine, the frame and vibration device play a crucial role throughout the entire harvesting process; the former interconnects various parts of the harvester and bears the entire mechanical load of the harvesting apparatus, while the latter constitutes the harvesting machine-tree vibration system in conjunction with the olive tree structure. In this study, SolidWorks software is used to complete the 3D modeling of the rack and vibration head, and Ansys Workbench software is used to conduct the static analysis and modal analysis of the rack; the results show that values of the maximum deformation, the maximum strain and the maximum stress of the rack are 0.23 mm, 2.7×10^-5 mm and 51.224 MPa respectively, and the first six orders of the inherent frequency of the rack are 51.71~179.23. The mechanical system dynamics analysis of the vibrating head is carried out by using ADAMS software, it is concluded through the analysis that the excitation force generated by the eccentric block is between 1 400~1 600 N, and the generated excitation force meets the demand of harvesting. This study can provide reference for optimization of the mechanism of olive harvester.