张娇蕊, 刘志华, 吕守国. 周转拖车前端构件碰撞安全性能及轻量化设计[J]. 机械研究与应用, 2024, 37(3): 158-162. DOI: 10.16576/j.ISSN.1007-4414.2024.03.044
引用本文: 张娇蕊, 刘志华, 吕守国. 周转拖车前端构件碰撞安全性能及轻量化设计[J]. 机械研究与应用, 2024, 37(3): 158-162. DOI: 10.16576/j.ISSN.1007-4414.2024.03.044
ZHANG Jiao-rui, LIU Zhi-hua, LYU Shou-guo. Crashworthiness and Lightweigth Optimimizatition for Frontal Structure of Transfer Trailer[J]. Mechanical Research & Application, 2024, 37(3): 158-162. DOI: 10.16576/j.ISSN.1007-4414.2024.03.044
Citation: ZHANG Jiao-rui, LIU Zhi-hua, LYU Shou-guo. Crashworthiness and Lightweigth Optimimizatition for Frontal Structure of Transfer Trailer[J]. Mechanical Research & Application, 2024, 37(3): 158-162. DOI: 10.16576/j.ISSN.1007-4414.2024.03.044

周转拖车前端构件碰撞安全性能及轻量化设计

Crashworthiness and Lightweigth Optimimizatition for Frontal Structure of Transfer Trailer

  • 摘要: 周转拖车前端结构设计除保证设备的安全外,还要考虑如何实现轻量化。该文综合考虑碰撞安全性能和轻量化要求,首先采用LS-DYNA建立了周转拖车前端典型吸能结构碰撞分析有限元模型,根据此模型分析了防撞梁材料的选择对整体结构在100%正面高速碰撞工况下的碰撞安全性能的影响,得出防撞梁材料分别为铝合金和钢时,总吸能量、前纵梁溃缩量和碰撞力峰值的变化不超过2%,而且将防撞梁由钢替换为铝合金可以使结构总质量降低23.9%,比吸能提高31.1%。然后进一步以各薄壁梁厚度为设计变量对结构碰撞安全性能和重量进行优化设计,得出防撞梁厚度为1.7 mm、吸能盒厚度1.8 mm、前纵梁厚度为2.575 mm为该吸能结构达到比吸能的最佳结果。该研究可提升周转拖车的防撞性能,同时具有减轻重量、节约能源等优点,为周转拖车的优化设计提供了有力支撑。

     

    Abstract: In addition to ensuring safety of the occupants, the lightweight design for the front end structure of the transfer trailer also needs to be considered. In this article, the crash safety performance and lightweight requirements are comprehensively considered. First, the LS-DYNA is used to establish a finite element model of the crash analysis of the typical front-end energy-absorbing structure of the transfer trailer. According to this model, impact of the material selection on the crash safety performance of the overall structure under 100% frontal high-speed collision conditions is analyzed. It is concluded that the change of the total energy absorption, the front longitudinal beam collapse and the peak value of crash force are less than 2% when the materials of the impact beam are aluminum alloy and steel respectively; however, replacing the impact beam with aluminum alloy instead of steel reduces the total mass of the structure by 23.9%, and improves the specific absorbed energy by 31.1%. Furthermore, taking the thickness of each thin-walled beam as the design variable, the structural crash safety performance and weight of the structure are optimized; the results show that the optimum thickness of the crash beam is 1.7 mm, the thickness of energy-absorbing box is 1.8 mm, and the thickness of the front longitudinal beam is 2.575 mm. This research can improve the crashworthiness of the transfer trailer, and it has the advantages of weight reduction and energy saving, which provides a strong support for the optimal design of the transfer trailer.

     

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